Combination range



E. KENER, 1R. COMBINATION RANGE. APPLIcATloN 4mlm Nov, 2a.. 1191s.

Patented-Mar. 14,192'2.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E; KENER, Jn; coMmNATloN RANGE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28, ISI-9. 1 ,409,844. Patented Mar. 14, -1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

5 wim- E,-KENER, n..

. COMBINAUON RANGE.

PPLICATION-FILED NOV. 28| 1919.

P atnted Mar. 14, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Hummm/MNHN E. KENEH, IR.

COMBINATION RANGE. APPLICATION FILED NOVl 28, ISIS.

mamma.. 14,1922.

E. KENER, Jal.. COMBINATION RANGE..

' APPLICATION FILED N0,\I=28 m19. 1,409,344. htented Mar. 14, 1922. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

:lill/lll,

Ygarrafa' 'STATES .PATENTfoFFiCE.1-

EDWARD KENER, JR., or BuFFALo, NEW vo1tiz.`

COMBINATION AvRANGE Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 28, 1919. Sera1 No. 341,153.

To all whom t may concern:

B e it known that-1, EDWARD KENER, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residingy in Buffalo, New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Combination Ranges, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates toa 'cooking stove or range which maybe heated either with gas or with a solid fuel. v

The object of the invention is to provide a combination range which, ,with a maX- imum thermal efficiency, may loe-used con'- tinuously with either of the kinds of fuel, without impairing the efficiency' of the range foruse with the other kind of fuel.

A more specific object of the invention 'is' to provide a. range construction which will permit of heating all sides of the oven and also permit-of a down 'draftof the spent gases, when using eitherform of fuel.

Afurther objectv of the invention is to provide a combinationrange in which the fiue dust from the 4vfire box may 'be passed directly over the burners without clogging the orifices of said burners.

A further objectof the invention is to provide a gas burner which may bel readily inserted or removed without' requiring any special tools or experience. Y

still further object of the invention is to provide for automatically altering the iiue or vent .arrangement of the range upon placinO in position certain.members which are only used in the range when the one ykind of fuel to be burne Y, y

Further objects and advantages ofthe invention are more clearly disclosed in the following specification and accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a diminutive perspective of the entire combination range. Figure 2 is a diminutive vertical transverse section thereof with the flame spreader plate removed and the oven burner covering door in its lowered position.T Figure 3 is a similar vertical transverse section through the range taken on line 3 3, Fig. '1. Figure 4C is an enlarged top plan. of the gas burner and its appurtenances, taken on line 4 4, Fig. 3. Figure 5 is a horizontal section through the range taken on line 5,-5 Fig. 3. F iguref)v in the county of Erie and State of 6 6, Figs. andiil?. Figure 7 is a, vertical longitudinal sectionthrough the range taken 011111187-'75 Fig, 3,

'Patented Mar. 14,1922, Y

Similar characters of,` reference refer to, v

like parts throughoutthe severalfviews.

10 represents the usual form of fire box which is lined with suitableCfireA brick 11 and is provided with the usual grate bars12 and ashpit 13. Against the inner vertical wall of said fire boX 10 is arranged a cooking oven or heatingcompartment llll in which are placed such partly Vprepared foods as must be heated from all sides'to properly cook or bake the same.- Y v Extendingk over the upper part, of both said heating compartment 14 and said fire boX 10 is a gas burner or combustion chamber 15, which communicates directly with the.

upper part of said fire boX 10 as shown in Fig.k 7, ,but is separated from the heating compartment 14 by an -oveny roof plate 16.

The one end wall of the gas-burner compartment 15, which is adjacent to the upper end of the' fire boX,-is provided with `a suitable p air inlet' shutterl?, which may be opened whenit is desired to lfeed air to the upper surface of the solid fuel in said 'fire box 10 so 2 j as to produce a down draft therethrough.'

The gases of'combustion in such case pass 'through the lire box 10 and out of the ash pit 13 through a downdraftjvalve 18 and thence into thelower part of a flue back 20, as shown in Fig. G, which is arranged vertically on the vrear part of the range' and n -connectsvat its upper end with the usual smoke or outlet-pipe21. 'c

When it is desired to obtain a .hotter fire inthe fire boXror when adding fresh fuel thereto, .this down-draft valve 18 maybe ,i

either partly or wholly closed, and yan updraft, an air inlet shutter 22 opened the proper amount, which allows pure cold air to be drawn therethrough from the outside of the range. This air is properly preheated Yby being caused -toimpiuge against the outer hot face of the end fire brick lining 110,` the air then continuing downwardly to the ash pit, where itis defiected upwardly .f through the grate barsk12 and into thebottomof the bedjof solid fuel. heating ofthe air causes a complete'hot combustion of the solid fuel without any tend- This pre- Y encyto chill the lower exposed points of .said fuel and thereby prevent the complete Y combustion of the;v same as ordinarily occurs when the air which is fed to.the solidincandescent fuel is not preheated.

Arranged above and closely adjacent to the roof plate 16 ofthe vheating 'chamber 14, are a plurality of gas burners 23.whichkv extend through the front vertical wall 9A of the range and arefed from a common gas,

fuel'pipe 25, the flow into Lkeach gas burner being suitably controlled 'by an individual gas valve 26. A. novel means is employed ini this improvedrangewhereby each of saidgas' burners` may be quickly and easily removed whenever desired fromA said range, the arrangement being as follows Securedl to each ofisaid gas valves 26 yis a rearwardly extending gaslnozzle 27 which is adapted to fit loosely into a suitable gasnozzle' engaging hole 28. This hole is formed centrally lin'thehforward end of its companion*l gas burner `and :acts to preventy vlateral displacement of said gas burner.

Formed at the forward end" of each gas burner and positioned rearwardly of said engaging hole 28, is an enlarge-d annularburner at the rea-r end of said collar 30 is an outwardly extending annular flange 32 which is adapted to bear against the rearV face of the vertical front wall 24 of the stove aforesaid and thereby limitV the forward movement of'the gas burner as the same is moved outwardly into its position through the said hole 31; Formed on the lower face of each gas burner at the rear vor inner endl thereof is a pair of down-y wardly projecting retaining` lugs 83 which are positioned transversely7 with respect to each other but each of which extends longitudinally of the gas burner and is pro- Vvided'on its lower edge with an upwardly extending transverse' groove or concaye notch 34. Adapted to be'loosely received by theconcave notch 34 are a pairof transversely disposed supporting posts 35 which arefoi'med on the upper face of the oven roof plate 16. Thus the rear end of each burner is supported a vsuitable distancer above said roof plate 16 of the heating compartment 14 which therebyavoids. any undue scorching of the area immediately below the gas burner.. The concave notch 34 also aids inlongitudinally positioning the burner and prevents the same from moving rearwardlyout of position. The frontend of each gas burner is provided with an air mixing valve 86 of the usual type which by reason of its injector action mixes av suflicient amountiof` air with the gas that issues from the gas nozzle-27- y Added or auxiliary air is alsov fed. directlyl tov thev gas burners at 'the point where the flames issue from the small orifices 38 of the gas burner proper. rThis auxiliary air may if desired be fed through the air inlet shutter 17, which is arranged at, one end of the stove as aforesaid, but it is preferred that said auxiliary air enter they combustiony chamber through. an air inlet hole 40, which is formed' in the 1vertical end walloffthe stove immediately adjacent the outer end of the heating compartment. rlhis air inlet hole 40fcommuni- Cates directly with the outer air andV with the adjacent endo-t the gasburner chamber 15 and is controlled by a suitable control` gate 41 which is provided with a suitable exterior operating handle 42.

At the rear end of the gas burner chamber and adjacent to the inner or central end of the heating compartment 1`4 is arranged a common flue opening 43 which communi Vcatesoutwardly with the upper part of the flue back 20 and communicates inwardly with the aforesaid gas-burner chamber. The flow of the gases of combustion through said. flue opening 43 is controlled by a suitable swinging flue-opening valve 44, which when in` its open position (as indicated, by dotted lines) permits the spent gases from either the lire box 10 or from'the gas-burner chamber 15 to pass directly into the flue back and thence into the usual smoke orvoutlet pipe 21. Arranged below the control gate 41 and between the Vvertical outer or end wall 60` ofthe heating compartment 14 and the ad j acent vertical end wall Vof the range is a circulating channel 45, which extends vertically downwardly and thence horizont-allyI inwardly under said heating compartment 14 and communicates permanently with the Ylower end of the flue bach 2() through a suitable exhaust opening 46. Y

Projecting forwardly and outwardly from the floor 47 of the heating compartment 14 is a suitable detachable oven shelf 48 in theupper rear surface of which is recessed a longitudinal oven heating gas pipe 50. rhe latter is suitably connected byV means of a feed 'gas pipe 51 with the gas supply line 52and a plurality of longitudinally arranged gas holes or burning apertures 53 are drilledin the upper, inner longitudinal face of said heating pipe A50,'as best shown in Figs. 3 and 6, the burning gasiflames which issue therefrom being adapted to directly heat the interior of said oven or heating chamberg 14, the spent gas passing out of said heating chamber through an oven vent 54 into the lower part of the aforesaid flue back 20. De-

tachably restingV on the floor 47 of the heati ing compartment and also resting with its forward end on the upper side of the oven shelf 48, is a flame spreading plate 55. The-'- forward end of said spreader plate extends the vfull width ofthe heating compartimenti @56 which receives the same, while the rear and is adapted to completely cover up both the oven heating pipe 50 and also the recess end of said flame spreading platev is considerably narrower than the heating compartment. Air enters the oven through an air feed aperture 57 which is formedl in the oven shelf below the heating pipe recess 56 and after being heated by the aforesaid oven heating pipe 50, passes horizontally rearwardly under said flame spreading plate 55 and some of said heated air is permitted to flow laterally against the side vertical walls 601 and 600 of the oven and thence upwardly between said oven walls and the adjacent parallel edge 61 of the flame spreading plate 55.v The rest of the heated air coming from beneath the flame lspreading plate 55 continues directlyv rearwardly from the oven heating pipe 50 and strikes against the vertical rear oven wall 601, passing thence up into the oven proper, between said rear oven wall and the rear parallel edge 64 of the flame spreading plate. The heated air passing up and around the rear and side edges of the flame spreading plate turns inwardly toward the center of the heating oven and strikes all sides of any pans or dishes of food which are being heated in the oven. By reason of the fact that the oven vent 54 is located well toward the bottom of the oven the cooler convection currents of heated air are caused topass downwardly against the top surface of the food which is being prepared inthe oven, so that said food is thoroughly and uniformly heated from'each and every side resulting in an even, thorough cooking or baking ofthe same.

Provision is also made for'preventing the flames of the oven heating pipe 50 from striking directly against the bottoni face ofthe flame spreading plate 55. This is accomplished by securing a flame striking plate 66 to the lower` face ofV said flame spreading plate'55 in spaced relation thereto and just above the oven heating pipe, so that the air space between the two plates, being a nonconductor of heat, prevents the direct intense heat of the oven heating plate from scorching theflamespreading plate. When solid fuel is being usedinthe range, the whole flame spreader plates 55 tcgetherwith its appurtenances, may be entirely removed from the heating compartment. This operation automatically permits an oven vent door 67 to swing downwardly andV forwardly into the position shown in Fig. 2, thereby closing the oven vent 54. When the-` flame spreading plate 55 is in position in the heatopen the said oven vent door 67,- by-reason of a longitudinal push'rod 68 which is `secured to the lower face of the llame spreading plate and which is adapted to push open said oven vent door with its rear end ortip ing compartment it acts to 4hold rearwardly portion. -As the fiame spreadingplate is only employed when gas is being used,it is seen that the operation ofthe oven vent .Y

door 67 is entirely automatic, its positionbeing'governed solely by the presence or fabsence ofthe flame spreading plate aforesaid. Y

lVhen the said iamespreading plate 55 is first removed, the recess 56 and the oven heating pipe 50 are bothleXposed.v f To cover the same, a covering door-70 `is hinged to the inner side of the main oven door 71, at

the lower forward corner thereof. n When the llame spreading plate is in yposition in the oven said covering door 79 is turned up and back and-is secured in itsraised position by a suitable latch 72 which is pivoted to said oven door at 73. When however, it is desired to burn coal inthe range, the flame spreading plate 55 is removed from the oven v and thecovering door 70 is dropped into` the position'shown in Fig. 2, the opposite ends of the coveringv door 70 resting on suitable projecting shelves 74 which are formed on the lower edge of the oven door and project horizontally rearwardly therefrom. Thus when the oven-door is closed, the said covering door covers the oven heating pipe V50 and its recess 56 and-also prevents any air When Ygas `is being used as afuel in the range, the control gateV 41 is dropped; into the position shown in the drawings thereby permitting pure air tov enter the gas burnerk chamber 15 through the inlet-air holeV 40.

If the oven or heating compartment 14 is not to be used and a very intense heat against only the top -of the1 stove is desired, the,V ue opening valve 44 is swung back into the dotted line position thereby'allowing the gases of combustionvfromthe ga'sburners 23 to I pass directly into the flue back 20 and thence up the smoke pipe 21. If however, it is deV sired toheat the vs aidiheating compartment of combustion from the gas burners to iow 14 and to obtainV a down draft of the gases ,Y of combustion, this flue-opening valve 44 is closed and the down draft slide valve 18 isL opened. This allows some ofthe hot gases I downwardly intothe fire 'box 10and the ash pit 13 and thence out through said down draft valve 18 into the bottom of the flue.

back 20, thereby heating that end 600 of the oven which is adjacent to said fire box.- The .rest ofthey hot'V gases Aof combustion flow? downwardlyfthrough-the cutaway portions 410 of the` control gate 41., as indica-ted by arrows Fig. 5, and into the circulating channel 45 around thebaiile plate 76 and finally out into the lower part of the flue back 2O through the exhaust opening 46, thus vheating the top and bottom and also the end wall 60 of the heatingcompartment 14' aforesaid. Whenit is desired to obtain a ver-y high temperature'l in said heating compartment, gas

throughtheoven heating pipe 50 is turned' "onand ignited'through a suitable ignition hole 77, air being-fed to. said heating pipev through an air feeding aperture 57- arranged below said pipe. Thehotgasesof ycombustion eminating from, said oven heating pipe rstrike directly against'the' flame striking plate 66 and thence pass vunder a flame spreading plate 55 which is suitably support'- ed a shortdistance above-the floor of vtheY heating compartment. The said hot gases then iiow against the rear andtwo sidewalls of the heating compartment and-are then deiiected upward between said heating' compartment wallsfand theedges of said flame spreading plate 55. The cooler gases in the Vheating compartment then descend" and pass into the lower part of the flue back through the oven vent 54, which is controlled by an air oven vent door 67.

When solid fuel isvto be used in the firehox 10, the flue opening valve 441-, and the up-draft air inlet shutter 22' are opened when starting the fire or when addinga considerable amount of new fuel, asis 'common practice in coal ranges. When the fire is to he checked however,` this flueopening valvel 411 is closed andthe down draft slide valve 18 and also the air inlet slide valve`1 are opened, thereby7 causing the hot gases of combustion to passv downwardly through said slidervalve 18 and thence into the lower part of the flue back 2O.A When it is desired Vto heat the oven or heating compartment 14, the said'down draft slide valve 18 is closed and the up-draft air'inlet shutterQQ is opened and the control gate 41tl'iro'wn up into they dotted line position. VThis'causes the hot gases of combustion from the' lire box to heat the entire top ofthe stove/ by traversing the entire'vlength of the gas-burner chamber 15, and to pass thence downwardly into the circulating channel 45 and outl into the' lower part of the ueback 20 through theexhaust opening 46. vThiscauses a heating of both ends andtop and bottom of the heating compartment (and also the rear wall thereof by reason of the proximity ofthe said flue back 20). vWhen the oven is thus bein'grheated with solid fuel in the lire box 107 the flamey spreader plate: is removed rtogether with its appurtenances which re# movall automatically closes the oven vent' door 67 by reason of the fact that the same is held open by the longitudinal push rod 59 when the flame spreading plate 55 is in iposition.

When said spreader plate 55 is not' being used',A the latch 72 is turned and the'fcover door 70 is dropped downA on tol the oven-doorshelves "Tet,l s'that when said draft or an efficient'v down draft may be'- obtained when burning either kindoffuel andthe heatingcompartment or oven may beuniformly heated. inl either case. Then using a solid fuel on the up'draft,a partial vacuum is created inthe gas-burner chamber 15,7w-hichVA actsY to suclrpure air fro'nr the air mixers 36 of the gas burners through thesmall orifices 38'Vof Vsaid gas 'burners thereby preventing any accumulation of dust or soot in these orifices. At the saine time` a diluted wide area current of'fresh air. isr drawn into the h'ot gases of combustion which acts to completely oXidize anyfpartially oxidized gases of combustion, whereby the foul odored and poisonous qualities of the flue gas are changed'so that the gas passing into the flue back isnot only odorless bntnon-poisonous as well. lt is obvious thatr this combination-range and a number of thev novel features thereof` may be employed in the construction of garbage incinerators,

burning ovens for painted and glazed crockery, metal'an'nealing` ovensrrendering ovens and divers other uses.

I claim as my'invention:

1. A combination range comprising a heating compartment provided with a door, an

outer oven shelf1 'arranged in front of 'said heating compartment, an oven burner recessedv inthe upper face of said outer oven shelf, a liame spreading plate engaging with said shelf and vextending rearwardly over said oven burner,l and a covering door pivoted to the oven door and adapted to cover said lrecessed oven burner when the flame spreader plate has beenpremoved.

2. A combination range comprising a heat-` ing compartment, an o'uteroven shelf, an

oven burner'recessed in said shelf, an oven` door adapted toswing over said oven burner, a'covering door hinged to said oven door and adaptedv to cover 'said' recessed oven burner when in its lowered position. a removable iiame spreader 'igilate'arranged above said oven burner, Vflame channelsV at the rear end and sides of said spreader plate, anda flame striking plate arranged below said' spreader plate in spaced relation thereto.

' EDWARDKENER. JR. 

